ASI Standards Blog

Certified Reference Materials vs Reference Materials: Essential Guide for Labs

Written by Joshua Sardisco | Sep 15, 2025 9:23:36 PM

Understand the Critical Distinctions Between Certified and Reference Materials to Ensure Your Laboratory Maintains High Standards and Compliance

In the world of laboratory testing and analysis, the distinction between Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) and Reference Materials (RMs) is crucial for ensuring compliance and high-quality standards. This is especially pertinent for laboratories adhering to ISO standards such as ISO 17025 and ISO 17034. Misunderstanding or misapplying these concepts can lead to significant consequences, jeopardizing both immediate results and broader regulatory compliance.

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ISO sets stringent guidelines to ensure that laboratory data meets high-quality standards. For professionals involved in calibration and testing, adhering to these guidelines is not just about compliance—it's about ensuring accurate, reliable results that can be trusted. By clearly understanding and correctly implementing CRMs and RMs, laboratories can avoid pitfalls and ensure desired outcomes.

Why Accurate Calibration Matters in Laboratory Settings

Accurate calibration is the backbone of reliable laboratory results. Calibration ensures that instruments provide precise and accurate measurements, which is fundamental for any analytical process. Inconsistent or inaccurate calibration can lead to erroneous data, which can compromise research findings, product quality, and regulatory compliance.

Think of calibration as tuning a musical instrument. Just as a well-tuned piano ensures harmonious music, accurately calibrated instruments ensure that the data generated is precise and reliable. Without this, laboratories risk producing data that is not only inaccurate but also non-compliant with regulatory standards.

Introduction to ISO Certifications: 17025, 17034, and 9001

ISO certifications are globally recognized standards that ensure quality and competence in various fields. Three key ISO certifications relevant to laboratory settings are ISO 17025, ISO 17034, and ISO 9001.

  • ISO 17025: This standard specifies the general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. It ensures that laboratories can produce valid results and operate competently.
  • ISO 17034: This standard outlines the requirements for the production of reference materials, ensuring that CRMs are produced with high-quality standards.
  • ISO 9001: This is a quality management system standard that provides a framework for consistent quality in products and services, applicable across various industries.

These certifications form a pyramid of compliance and quality, with ISO 9001 at the base, providing foundational quality management principles, and ISO 17025 and ISO 17034 building upon it with specific requirements for laboratories and reference material producers.

Defining Certified Reference Materials (CRMs)

Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) are reference materials that come with a certificate documenting their traceability to an accurate realization of the unit in which the property values are expressed. CRMs have a well-defined uncertainty value associated with them and a statement of metrological traceability.

Think of CRMs as the gold standard in laboratory materials. Just as a gold standard sets a benchmark for currency values, CRMs set a benchmark for laboratory measurements. They provide confidence in the accuracy and reliability of calibration and testing results, ensuring that measurements are traceable back to a recognized standard.

Understanding Reference Materials (RMs)

Reference Materials (RMs) are materials or substances with one or more properties that are sufficiently well established to be used for calibrating an apparatus, assessing a measurement method, or assigning values to materials. While they do not have the same level of certification as CRMs, they still undergo rigorous characterization, stability, and homogeneity assessments.

Imagine RMs as the trusted tools in a craftsman's workshop. While they may not have the same prestige as the gold standard tools (CRMs), they are reliable and essential for everyday tasks. RMs provide a valuable resource for routine calibrations and quality control checks in laboratory settings.

Key Differences Between CRMs and RMs

The primary differences between CRMs and RMs lie in their certification, traceability, and uncertainty values.

  • Certification: CRMs come with a certificate of analysis that includes traceability and uncertainty values. RMs may not have this level of documentation.
  • Traceability: CRMs have a statement of metrological traceability, ensuring an unbroken chain of calibrations back to a recognized standard. RMs may not have this formal traceability.
  • Uncertainty: CRMs provide an uncertainty value, which gives a clear indication of the confidence in the measurement. RMs may not have an uncertainty value or may have a less precise one.

Understanding these differences is crucial for selecting the appropriate materials for specific laboratory applications and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.

Common Misconceptions and Challenges in Utilizing CRMs and RMs

One common misconception is that RMs can be used interchangeably with CRMs without any impact on quality or compliance. This can lead to significant issues, especially in regulated environments where traceability and uncertainty are critical.

Another challenge is understanding the scope of accreditation. For example, a laboratory may be ISO 17025 accredited for certain tests but not for others. Similarly, a reference material producer may be ISO 17034 accredited for specific materials but not for all types. It's essential to verify the scope of accreditation to ensure that the materials and methods used are compliant with relevant standards.

Practical Steps for Implementing CRMs and RMs in Your Lab

Implementing CRMs and RMs in your laboratory involves several key steps:

  1. Assess Needs: Determine the specific requirements for your laboratory, including the types of tests and calibrations performed.
  2. Verify Accreditation: Ensure that the CRMs and RMs you use are produced by accredited providers and are suitable for your specific applications.
  3. Establish Procedures: Develop standardized procedures for using CRMs and RMs, including handling, storage, and documentation.
  4. Training: Provide training for laboratory staff on the proper use of CRMs and RMs, emphasizing the importance of traceability and uncertainty.
  5. Regular Reviews: Conduct regular reviews and audits to ensure ongoing compliance and identify areas for improvement.

Choosing the Right Reference Material Provider: Criteria and Best Practices

Selecting the right reference material provider is critical for ensuring the quality and reliability of your laboratory results. Here are some criteria and best practices to consider:

  • Accreditation: Choose providers that are accredited to ISO 17034 and have a proven track record of producing high-quality CRMs and RMs.
  • Reputation: Look for providers with a strong reputation in the industry, supported by positive reviews and references.
  • Technical Support: Ensure that the provider offers robust technical support and can assist with any questions or issues related to their materials.
  • Transparency: Select providers that are transparent about their processes and can provide detailed documentation and traceability information.
  • Customization: Consider providers that offer customization options to meet your specific laboratory needs.

Key Takeaways

Understanding the distinctions between Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) and Reference Materials (RMs) is crucial for ensuring high standards and compliance in laboratory settings. By implementing CRMs and RMs correctly, laboratories can achieve accurate calibration, reliable results, and adherence to regulatory standards. Selecting the right reference material provider and following best practices will further enhance the quality and reliability of laboratory operations.